1. Passive – Use
We only use the passive when we are interested in the object or when we do not know who caused the action.
Example: Appointments are required in such cases.
2. Passive – Form
to be + past participle
How to form a passive sentence when an active sentence is given:
- object of the active sentence becomes subject in the passive sentence
- subject of the active sentence becomes object in the passive sentence (or is left out)
We can only form a passive sentence from an active sentence when there is an object in the active sentence.
Type of sentence | Subject | Verb | Object |
---|---|---|---|
Active sentence: | Peter | builds | a house. |
Passive sentence: | A house | is built | by Peter. |
3. Examples
3.1. Simple Present
Type of sentence | Subject | Verb | Object |
---|---|---|---|
Active sentence: | Peter | builds | a house. |
Passive sentence: | A house | is built | by Peter. |
3.2. Simple Past
Type of sentence | Subject | Verb | Object |
---|---|---|---|
Active sentence: | Peter | built | a house. |
Passive sentence: | A house | was built | by Peter. |
3.3. Present Perfect
Type of sentence | Subject | Verb | Object |
---|---|---|---|
Active sentence: | Peter | has built | a house. |
Passive sentence: | A house | has been built | by Peter. |
3.4. will-future
Type of sentence | Subject | Verb | Object |
---|---|---|---|
Active sentence: | Peter | will build | a house. |
Passive sentence: | A house | will be built | by Peter. |
3.5. Modals
Type of sentence | Subject | Verb | Object |
---|---|---|---|
Active sentence: | Peter | can build | a house. |
Passive sentence: | A house | can be built | by Peter. |
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